Both composting and incinerating toilets are economical, practical and eco-friendly options to keep your septic system healthy, but there are some key differences between the two. Think about your cabin’s needs, then compare the two side by side to determine which one is right for you. Here's Cabin Life's essential guide to composting and incinerator toilets:
How Do Composting and Incinerating Toilets Work?
First, the basics. Composting toilets use nature’s composting process to break waste down into a nutrient-rich soil. Incinerating toilets use electric heat to burn waste into a small amount of bacteria-free ash (about a tablespoon per use). Both systems are virtually odor-free and operate with little or no water, making them ideal for unheated areas susceptible to freezing.
Cost Difference in Composting vs. Incinerator Toilets
For the budget-conscious cabin owner, composting toilets are often the more attractive option. Ranging from about $700 to $3,000, these systems cost less than their incinerating counterparts ($1,200–$5,000). Composting toilets require peat moss ($5–$10 for a small bale), while incinerating toilets use bowl liners (roughly $20 for 200 liners).
How Electricity Factors In
If you don’t have reliable power at your cabin, a composting toilet may be your best option. Nonelectric and electric models are available, including battery- and solar-powered units. Incinerating toilets, on the other hand, require consistent power for each use, as one complete cycle uses about 1½–2 kilowatt hours of electricity.
Environmental Friendliness
Because they save water, both composting and incinerating toilets are considered environmentally friendly. That being said, if environmental impact is a prime factor in your decision, you’ll probably find a composting toilet more appealing. Not only do incinerating toilets require electricity and paper bowl liners, but they also do not produce compost to keep natural waste circulating through the environment. Plus, composting toilets can process organic kitchen waste, which can reduce your everyday garbage.
Convenience
If you’re looking for the most low-maintenance system, you’ll likely find incinerating toilets more appealing. Unlike nonelectric composting toilets, which require you to use an external hand crank to stir the solid waste and peat moss after each use, incinerating toilets merely involve stepping on a pedal to discharge a waste-filled bowl liner and then pushing a button to activate the fan and electric heating unit.
Though incinerating toilets require less upkeep, many composting systems have the advantage of portability. Weighing as little as 28 pounds, they can easily be transferred from a cabin to a boat or RV. An incinerating toilet is a more permanent installation.
Are Composting and Incinerating Toilets Clean?
Because they don’t use bowl liners like incinerating toilets, waste from composting toilets can stain and smear the bowl surface. By comparison, waste from incinerating toilets never actually touches the bowl, but rather is captured in a bowl liner that drops into the tank.
Capacity Considerations
Incinerating toilets require more frequent emptying than composting toilets. Ash from incinerating toilets should be disposed of when it reaches ½ inch (about one cup). With four or more people, this typically ends up being once per day. In contrast, composting toilets can go 1–6 months without emptying, depending on the size of the model and the usage.
Waste Disposal
Premium composting toilets separate liquid from solid waste through a gate that directs liquids toward a front collection area and solids down into the main tank. Composting toilets are great if you have a garden, because you can reuse the nutrient-rich solid waste, as well as the liquid waste, to fertilize flowers, trees and shrubs. Ash from incinerating toilets isn’t reusable, but can be tossed in your trash.
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